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Researchers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have discovered "two astronomical needles" in haystacks in two galaxies: pairs of quasars that may reveal how galaxies form.

By tapping into the wealth of information gathered by the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite and the Sloan digital survey of the sky, researchers have narrowed their search for these rare, though extremely bright, double quasars hidden in the line of sight among the stars across the universe.

The quasar is the nucleus of a very bright galaxy, fueled by the insatiable appetite of a nearby supermassive black hole, which emits a massive burst of radiation so bright that it can overwhelm entire galaxies like ours, the Milky Way.

"We estimate that in the distant universe, for every 1,000 quasars, there is one double quasar. Finding these double quasars is like finding a needle in a haystack," said lead researcher Yu Xin, from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Looking back 10 billion years of time, across space, researchers found a pair of quasars so close to each other that they appear to be a particularly violent object. Then, by chance, they found another pair of quasars in a separate colliding pair of galaxies.

This discovery will deepen humanity's understanding of the delicate process behind the rather violent convergence of two massive celestial structures, leading to new insights about the merging of galaxies and the collision of supermassive black holes.

When quasars or galactic nuclei aggregate together, they generate galactic winds that sweep away the remaining gas from the merging galaxies, thus slowing or stopping the formation of new stars altogether, allowing a single new galaxy to form in an elliptical shape.
Just over 100 of these double quasars have been discovered to date, although none have been discovered by how old these new pairs are. The quasars in both new pairs are only 10,000 light-years apart. For reference, the sun is 26,000 light-years away from the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way.




Source: RT




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